Algorithmic complexity, a cornerstone of theoretical computer science, examines the intrinsic resource requirements of computational problems and the limits of what can be efficiently computed. Within ...

Applicable Analysis and Discrete Mathematics, Vol. 10, No. 2 (October 2016), pp. 408-446 (39 pages) An associative Boolean tree is a plane rooted tree whose internal nodes are labelled by AND or OR ...

Real and complex functions form the backbone of modern mathematical analysis, uniting the study of continuity, differentiability, and integrability on the real line with the rich structure of analytic ...

A new suggestion that complexity increases over time, not just in living organisms but in the nonliving world, promises to rewrite notions of time and evolution. In 1950 the Italian physicist Enrico ...