The very basics of operational amplifiers. Learn comparator, inverting, and non-inverting op-amp configurations. An operational amplifier, or op amp, is a dc-coupled high-gain electronic voltage ...

Accurately measuring voltages requires minimizing the impact of the instrument connection to the tested circuit. Typical digital voltmeters (DVMs) use 10MO resistor networks to keep loading effects to ...

Power amplifiers (PAs) are pivotal elements in modern wireless communication and radar systems, where enhancing output power and efficiency remains a critical challenge. Recent advances in PA design ...

Andy recommends favorite resources for basic op amp circuits and includes a portion of TI's AN-20. Test your knowledge with our op amp quiz; answer explanations are included. By 1969, a fledgling ...

In the first article about measurement systems we looked at sensors as a way to bring data into a measurement system. I explained that a sensor measures physical quantities which are turned into a ...

Electric motors that are either poorly maintained or which lack the proper electrical protection are the second greatest cause of electrical fires. So says the Factory Mutual Research Corp., a ...

In Part 1 of this five-part series, we examined FET voltage controlled resistors, basic voltage controlled resistor circuits, and a balanced or push pull voltage controlled resistor (VCR) circuit.

The Bandgap Reference (BGR) circuit is a key element in Very-large-scale Integration (VLSI) designs, providing a stable reference voltage that is crucial for the performance and reliability of analog ...

All circuits, analog or digital, have characteristics dependent on the values of their component parts. Invariably, these parts are non-ideal in many ways. Even their most fundamental characteristics, ...