The solid inner core at the center of the Earth, surrounded by the outer core, mantle and crust. Here’s why: While it is well known that a material must be at or below its freezing temperature to be ...

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Vol. 119, No. 2 (January 11, 2022), pp. 1-6 (6 pages) The Earth's inner core started forming when molten iron cooled ...

Deep beneath our feet, far beyond the reach of drills or submersibles, Earth hides a solid metal heart that behaves in ways geophysicists have struggled to explain. New experiments now suggest that a ...

Russell has a PhD in the history of medicine, violence, and colonialism. His research has explored topics including ethics, science governance, and medical involvement in violent contexts. Russell has ...

The Earth’s inner core, a solid sphere predominantly composed of iron and nickel, occupies a central role in our planet’s evolution and geodynamo processes. Although hidden beneath thousands of ...

Earth’s inner core has long challenged researchers because seismic waves do not move through it uniformly. Compressional ...

Researchers have found evidence of changes in the structure of the Earth's core. University of Southern California team, led by Professor John Vidale, was investigating the inner core's rotation – a ...

Cartoon of the Earth with cutaway showing the mantle and inner and outer core. Magnetic field lines produced by the geodynamo extend into space and interact with the solar wind. The iron-rich core at ...

Earth’s core, the deepest part of our planet, is characterized by extremely high pressure and temperature. It is composed of a liquid outer core and solid inner core. The inner core is formed and ...

Geophysicist John Vidale noticed something striking while tracking the way seismic waves move from Earth’s crust through its core. The very center of the planet, a solid ball of iron and nickel ...