In the 1950s, Dupont developed per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances or PFAS, which were integrated into a huge array of products over the next decades, including cooking pans, popcorn bags, pizza boxes ...

Carbohydrate chains play physiologically relevant roles. For instance, many biologically important proteins and lipids inside our body have carbohydrate chains attached to them. These “sugar” chains, ...

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Vol. 111, No. 52 (December 30, 2014), pp. 18454-18459 (6 pages) Enzymes use protein architectures to create highly ...

Even though amide bonds are everywhere—they hold proteins together and are essential components in many drugs—forging this molecular motif in a reaction flask can be challenging. For example, making ...

The proposed designs were then synthesised and tested in the lab where they achieved enzymatic activities close to those found in nature. ‘They’re not the best enzymes that have ever existed in nature ...

RFdiffusion2, RFdiffusion3, and Riff-Diff each solve different structural problems in computational enzyme design ...