It should be noted that nonionic 5% or 10% dextrose solution is not a plasma expander, as the volume remaining in the vascular compartment after intravenous infusion is insignificant because of rapid ...

Prevention of Plasma Expansion-induced Metabolic Acidosis: If, When and Why? It is not objectively possible to propose clear-cut guidelines on the basis of currently available data, but the following ...

On July 7, 2021, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued new warnings regarding hydroxyethyl starch (HES) blood volume expanders. Specifically, the FDA is now requiring manufacturers to ...

Types of fluids Crystalloids Crystalloid solutions are isotonic plasma volume expanders that contain electrolytes. They can increase the circulatory volume without altering the chemical balance in the ...

The basic experimental model tested the ability of an infusion of human plasma to expand the normal plasma volume to a hypervolemic state and to maintain this expansion for several hours. The kinetics ...

When a U.S. soldier is wounded in combat, his lost blood is often replaced with Hextend®, a plasma expander developed by BioTime (www.biotimeinc.com). The high molecular weight plasma expander also is ...

Hydroxyethyl starch (HES) solutions are the most widely used synthetic colloid volume replacement fluids around the world (1). These infusion solutions contain the osmotically active colloid ...